The prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms that drive the pelagic ocean's
biogeochemical cycles are currently facing an unprecedented set of comprehensive …

Several lines of evidence show that ocean warming off the east coast of Tasmania is the
result of intensification of the East Australian Current (EAC). Increases in the strength …

Anthropogenic climate change is projected to lead to ocean warming, acidification,
deoxygenation, reductions in near-surface nutrients, and changes to primary production, all …

This article describes the new Earth system model (ESM), the Model for Interdisciplinary
Research on Climate, Earth System version 2 for Long-term simulations (MIROC-ES2L) …

Nature-based climate solutions can contribute to climate mitigation, but the vulnerability of
land carbon to disturbances means that efforts to slow or reverse land carbon loss could …

This chapter addresses the biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
and nitrous oxide (N2O). The three greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere …

The magnitude and evolution of parameters that characterize feedbacks in the coupled
carbon–climate system are compared across nine Earth system models (ESMs). The …

The severity of damaging human-induced climate change depends not only on the
magnitude of the change but also on the potential for irreversibility. This paper shows that …

The global temperature response to increasing atmospheric CO2 is often quantified by
metrics such as equilibrium climate sensitivity and transient climate response. These …

Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production
(NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than …