The ocean plays a central role in modulating the Earth's carbon cycle. Monitoring how the
ocean carbon cycle is changing is fundamental to managing climate change. Satellite …

The open ocean carbonate pump represents the production and downward flux of
particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) in the form of calcium carbonate synthesized by calcifying …

Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (MRV) refers to the multistep process of monitoring
the amount of greenhouse gas removed by a Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) activity and …

The color of natural waters–oceanic, coastal, and inland–is determined by the spectral
absorption and scattering properties of dissolved and particulate water constituents. Remote …

Airborne high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) measurements of ocean particulate
backscatter (b bp) offer dramatic improvements in spatiotemporal coverage over in situ …

POC and PIC are indispensable components in the global ocean carbon cycle, their
transport and space distribution being driven by the biological carbon pump and the …

Chlorophyll a (Chl-a) is a pigment found in phytoplankton which is often used as a proxy for
primary productivity in the ocean. Chl-a concentrations can be influenced by various factors …

Based on a database containing species records obtained from 1948 to 2022 and a
hydrochemical database, long-term changes in the biomass and taxonomic structure of …

Abstract The Great Calcite Belt (GCB) is a band of high concentrations of suspended
particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) spanning the subantarctic Southern Ocean and plays an …

Abstract The Great Calcite Belt (GCB) is a region of elevated particulate inorganic carbon
(PIC) generated by coccolithophore growth that spans the subantarctic Southern Ocean. The …