Opioid treatment for postoperative or chronic pain is frequently associated with adverse
effects, the most common being dose-limiting and debilitating bowel dysfunction …

Opioid bowel dysfunction (OBD) is a common adverse effect associated with opioid therapy.
OBD is commonly described as constipation; however, it is a constellation of adverse …

Cervical cancer is one of the gravest threats to women's lives. It is estimated that over a
million women worldwide currently have cervical cancer. Most of these women have not …

Background Cancer is a major public health problem as the leading cause of death.
Palliative treatment aimed to alleviate pain and nausea in patients with advanced disease is …

▪ Abstract Summary of consensus: 1. The use of opioids in cancer pain: The criteria for
selecting analgesics for pain treatment in the elderly include, but are not limited to, overall …

Patients with cancer have diverse symptoms, impairments in physical and psychological
functioning, and other difficulties that can undermine their quality of life. If inadequately …

Successful pain management with opioids requires that adequate analgesia be achieved
without excessive adverse effects. By these criteria, a substantial minority of patients treated …

Background This is the third updated version of a Cochrane review first published in Issue 4,
2003 of The Cochrane Library and first updated in 2007. Morphine has been used for many …

Background: Small studies of variable quality suggest that massage therapy may relieve
pain and other symptoms. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of massage for decreasing …

Opioids are the most commonly prescribed medications to treat severe pain in the Western
world. It has been estimated that up to 90% of American patients presenting to specialized …