Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common pathological conditions in both
community and hospital settings. It has been estimated that about 150 million people …

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are highly prevalent, lead to considerable patient morbidity,
incur large financial costs to health-care systems and are one of the most common reasons …

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are recognized as one of the most common infectious
diseases in the world that can be divided to different types. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli …

The urinary tract is constantly exposed to microorganisms that inhabit the gastrointestinal
tract, but generally the urinary tract resists infection by gut microorganisms. This resistance …

Abstract Purpose Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the more common infections
encountered in everyday clinical practice. They account for 10–20% of all infections treated …

Biological sex, being female or male, broadly influences diverse immune phenotypes,
including immune responses to diseases at mucosal surfaces. Sex hormones, sex …

Estrogen is a pivotal enzyme for survival and health in both genders, though their quantum,
tropism, tissue-specific distribution, and receptor affinity varies with different phases of life …

Highlights•One third of deaths in adults in the elderly are due to infectious disease.•Changes
in the aging immune response increase the risk of infection in the elderly.•Respiratory …

The bladder is continuously protected by passive defences such as a mucus layer,
antimicrobial peptides and secretory immunoglobulins; however, these defences are …

Diabetes is known to increase susceptibility to infections, partly due to impaired granulocyte
function and changes in the innate immunity. Here, we investigate the effect of diabetes, and …