Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT)—the administration of 100% oxygen at atmospheric
pressure (ATA) greater than 1 ATA—increases the proportion of dissolved oxygen in the …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide and is
characterised pathologically by the accumulation of amyloid beta and tau protein …

Aging is by far the most prominent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and both aging
and AD are associated with apparent metabolic alterations. As developing effective …

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is notably associated with cognitive decline resulting
from impaired function of hippocampal and cortical areas; however, several other domains …

ApoE4 enhances Tau neurotoxicity and promotes the early onset of AD. Pretangle Tau in the
noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) is the earliest detectable AD-like pathology in the …

Highlights•AD disproportionally affects women in the development, progression and clinical
presentation of AD.•Our review summarized sex differences in biological change of AD from …

Neurodegenerative diseases and their associated cognitive decline are known to be more
prevalent during aging. Recent evidence has uncovered the role of microglia, the …

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that is
characterized by altered cellular metabolism in the brain. Several of these alterations have …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating, degenerating disorder of the central nervous
system (CNS) that is accompanied by mitochondria energy production failure. A loss of …

Mitochondria are thought to have become incorporated within the eukaryotic cell
approximately 2 billion years ago and play a role in a variety of cellular processes, such as …