Background Self‐regulation (SR) is central to developmental psychopathology, but progress
has been impeded by varying terminology and meanings across fields and literatures …

Balancing behaviors that provide a reward NOW versus behaviors that provide an
advantage LATER is critical for survival. We propose a model in which dopamine (DA) can …

Animals are an important model for studies of impulsivity and self-control. Many studies have
made use of the intertemporal choice task, which pits small rewards available sooner …

Effort-based decisions, in which people weigh potential future rewards against effort costs
required to achieve those rewards involve both cognitive and physical effort, though the …

Recent research has highlighted a distinction between sequential foraging choices and
traditional economic choices between simultaneously presented options. This was partly …

All organisms have to consider consequences that vary through time. Theories explaining
how animals handle intertemporal choice include delay-discounting models, in which the …

The nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) is critically important for reward valuations, yet it
remains unclear how valuation information is integrated in this region to drive behaviour …

Theoretical models of foraging are based on the maximization of food intake rate.
Remarkably, foragers often hew close to the predictions of rate maximization, except for a …

Animals, including humans, consistently exhibit myopia in two different contexts: foraging, in
which they harvest locally beyond what is predicted by optimal foraging theory, and …

Many foraging experiments have found that subjects are suboptimal in foraging tasks,
waiting out delays longer than they should given the reward structure of the environment …