During the past recent years, various therapies emerged in the era of breast cancer. Breast
cancer is a heterogeneous disease in which genetic and environmental factors are involved …

As the most commonly occurring cancer in women worldwide, breast cancer poses a
formidable public health challenge on a global scale. Breast cancer consists of a group of …

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that affects one anatomic site, yet is
phenotypically variable. 1, 2 The identification of different biological subtypes occurs …

Following a diagnosis of breast cancer, the most immediate challenges in patient
management are the determination of prognosis and identification of the most appropriate …

Biomarkers play an essential role in the management of patients with invasive breast
cancer. For selecting patients likely to respond to endocrine therapy, both oestrogen …

Purpose To provide recommendations on appropriate use of breast tumor biomarker assay
results to guide decisions on adjuvant systemic therapy for women with early-stage invasive …

Background The 70-gene signature test (MammaPrint) has been shown to improve
prediction of clinical outcome in women with early-stage breast cancer. We sought to …

Importance Pathologic complete response (pCR) is a known prognostic biomarker for long-
term outcomes. The I-SPY2 trial evaluated if the strength of this clinical association persists …

Purpose This focused update addresses the use of MammaPrint (Agendia, Irvine, CA) to
guide decisions on the use of adjuvant systemic therapy. Methods ASCO uses a signals …

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide. However, increased
survival is due to the dramatic advances in the screening methods, early diagnosis, and …