Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease characterised by elevated levels of
blood glucose, is among the most common chronic diseases. The incidence and prevalence …

Oxidative stress plays a key role in many physiological and pathological conditions. The
intracellular oxidative homeostasis is tightly regulated by the reactive oxygen species …

Asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA and SDMA, respectively) are toxic, non-
proteinogenic amino acids formed by post-translational modification and are uremic toxins …

Development of the kidney can be altered in response to adverse environments leading to
renal programming and increased vulnerability to the development of hypertension and …

Suboptimal early-life conditions affect the developing kidney, resulting in long-term
programming effects, namely renal programming. Adverse renal programming increases the …

Adult-onset diseases, including hypertension, can originate from early life, known as the
developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). Because the developing kidney is …

Background The deleterious effect of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on the fetal rat liver may
cause later development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study …

Metformin confers vascular benefits beyond glycemia control, possibly via pleiotropic effects
on endothelial function. In type-1-diabetes-mellitus (T1DM-) patients metformin improved …

Background and Purpose Metformin, one of the most frequently prescribed medications for
type 2 diabetes, reportedly exerts BP‐lowering effects in patients with diabetes. However …

This review aims to summarise the contemporary evidence for the presence and function of
the parasympathetic innervation of the cerebral circulation with emphasis on the vertebral …