Interest in the smectic liquid‐crystalline state of matter received a substantial boost with the
discovery by Meyer in the mid‐1970s that a chiral smectic C (SmC*) phase exhibits a …

This paper reviews nearly 20 years of research related to antiferroelectric liquid crystals and
gives a short overview of possible applications.“Antiferroelectric liquid crystals” is the …

Ferroelectric liquid crystals have been a major research topic since 30 years. However,
when it comes to liquid crystals, the term “ferroelectric” is strongly ambiguous and frequently …

Smectic membranes are perfect model systems for studying low-dimensional phase
transitions and the associated fluctuations. During the last two decades we have seen …

Smectic and lamellar liquid crystals are three-dimensional layered structures in which each
layer behaves as a two-dimensional fluid. Because of their reduced dimensionality they …

A general phenomenological description and a simple molecular model is proposed for the
“discrete” flexoelectric effect in tilted smectic liquid crystal phases. This effect defines a …

The structures of the liquid crystalline chiral subphases exhibited by several materials
containing either a selenium or sulphur atom have been investigated using a resonant x-ray …

The free energy of antiferroelectric smectic liquid crystals which takes into account polar
order explicitly is presented. Steric, van der Waals, piezoelectric, and flexoelectric …

High-resolution resonant polarized x-ray diffraction experiments near the sulfur K edge have
been performed on free-standing liquid crystal films exhibiting the chiral smectic-C FI 2 …

The phase diagram of the prototype antiferroelectric liquid crystal 4−(1−
methylheptyloxycarbon yl) phenyl− 4′-octyloxybiphengl-4-carboxylate (MHPOBC) in …