We begin with a general description of the chemical, physical, and electrical properties of
organic semiconductors, OSCs, a class of materials that includes molecular semiconductors …

Open-circuit voltage (VOC) is the maximum voltage a solar cell can provide to an external
circuit, which is derived from the splitting of hole and electron quasi-Fermi levels. In …

Graphene is the strongest material ever studied and can be an efficient substitute for silicon.
This six-volume handbook focuses on fabrication methods, nanostructure and atomic …

Recent years, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of normal configuration organic solar
cells (OSCs) has obtained rapid progress to reach more than 6% under standard …

Stability is of paramount importance in organic semiconductor devices, especially in organic
solar cells (OSCs). Serious degradation in air limits wide applications of these flexible, light …

This article aims to review the recent progress and future aspects of organic solar cells
(OSCs). Different device designs proposed for efficient light harvesting and their …

Small molecule organic solar cells were studied with respect to water and oxygen induced
degradation by mapping the spatial distribution of reaction products in order to elucidate the …

After efficiency, lifetime is the second most important parameter for organic devices.
Interfaces play a major role in that lifetime. This article reviews the current state of the art with …

The interface formed between fullerene (C60) and cathode is a potential limiting factor to the
performance of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells based on copper phthalocyanine …

The vibration-based electret generators (EGs) for energy harvesting have been extensively
studied because they can obtain electrical energy from ambient vibrations. EGs exhibit a …