In contrast to conventional hard actuators, soft actuators offer many vivid advantages, such
as improved flexibility, adaptability, and reconfigurability, which are intrinsic to living …

Inspired by shape‐morphing organisms in nature, researchers have developed various
hydrogels with stimuli‐responsive swelling, shrinking, bending, folding, origami, rolling …

Abstract Development of polymer-based smart materials, which can autonomously alter their
physical and/or chemical properties when exposed to external stimuli, is a thriving research …

Stimuli-responsive hydrogels have garnered significant attention as a versatile class of soft
actuators. Introducing anisotropic properties, and shape-change programmability to …

In recent decades, origami has been explored to aid in the design of engineering structures.
These structures span multiple scales and have been demonstrated to be used toward …

Polymeric hydrogel actuators refer to intelligent stimuli‐responsive hydrogels that could
reversibly deform upon the trigger of various external stimuli. They have thus aroused …

Many living organisms have amazing control over their color, shape, and morphology for
camouflage, communication, and even reproduction in response to interplay between …

Conspectus The formation of well-defined and functional three-dimensional (3D) structures
by buckling of thin sheets subjected to spatially nonuniform stresses is common in biological …

Abstract Development of stimuli‐responsive materials with complex practical functions is
significant for achieving bioinspired artificial intelligence. It is challenging to fabricate stimuli …

Bilayer hydrogels with intelligent functions have been considered as the ideal candidates for
mimicking soft tissues and robots to adapt their shapes or motions in response to external …