Purpose Over 4.83 million spine surgery procedures are performed annually around the
world. With the considerable caseload and the precision needed to achieve optimal spinal …

Background: This article provides a scoping review on the current status of Image-Guided
Navigation with various forms of digital technologies, including Extended Reality …

In this chapter, artificially intelligent assistive robotics for medical applications have been
discussed. The voice identification, object identification, grasping, feature selection, and …

Defects of the cranial vault often require cosmetic reconstruction with patient-specific
implants, particularly in cases of craniofacial involvement. However, fabrication takes time …

Background Primary tumors involving the spine are relatively rare but represent surgically
challenging procedures with high patient morbidity. En bloc resection of these tumors …

Surgical robots are increasingly important in orthopedic surgeries to assist or replace
surgeons in completing operations. During joint surgeries, the patient's joint needs to be …

Robot-assisted orthopedic surgery has great application prospects, and the accuracy of the
robot is the key to its overall performance. The aim of this study was to develop a new …

Objective Traditional manual OLIF combined with pedicle screw implantation has many
problems of manual percutaneous screw implantation, such as high difficulty of screw …

Background Lumbar spine surgery is a crucial intervention for addressing spinal injuries or
conditions affecting the spine, often involving lumbar fusion through pedicle screw (PS) …

Introduction Management of spondylolysis in adolescents is generally successful with
conservative management. Uncommonly, surgical fixation is necessary for refractory cases …