Microglia are the resident innate immune cells in the brain with a major role in orchestrating
immune responses. They also provide a frontline of host defense in the central nervous …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the
accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) protein and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, resulting …

Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMDs) are associated with pediatric neurological disorders
and are traditionally related to oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) defects in …

Macrophages are present in almost all organs. Apart from being immune sentinels, tissue-
resident macrophages (TRMs) have organ-specific functions that require a specialized …

Microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain, are increasingly implicated in the
regulation of brain health and disease. Microglia perform multiple functions in the central …

Gliomas are a diverse group of primary central nervous system neoplasms with no curative
therapies available. Brain macrophages comprise microglia in the brain parenchyma, border …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and its
early onset is closely related to mitochondrial energy metabolism. The brain is only 2% of …

Translocator protein (TSPO), a 18 kDa protein found in the outer mitochondrial membrane,
has historically been associated with the transport of cholesterol in highly steroidogenic …

Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are conditions defined by progressive deterioration of the
structure and function of the nervous system. Some major examples include Alzheimer's …

Oxidative stress is a major hallmark of COPD, contributing to inflammatory signaling,
corticosteroid resistance, DNA damage, and accelerated lung aging and cellular …