Abstract The standard Λ Cold Dark Matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model provides a good
description of a wide range of astrophysical and cosmological data. However, there are a …

A number of challenges to the standard Λ CDM model have been emerging during the past
few years as the accuracy of cosmological observations improves. In this review we discuss …

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous
editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average …

This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky
Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the …

The goal of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) is to determine the nature of
dark energy through the most precise measurement of the expansion history of the universe …

Since the discovery of neutrino oscillations, we know that neutrinos have non-zero mass.
However, the absolute neutrino-mass scale remains unknown. Here we report the upper …

The simplest ΛCDM model provides a good fit to a large span of cosmological data but
harbors large areas of phenomenology and ignorance. With the improvement of the number …

We present constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio r using a combination of BICEP/Keck
2018 (BK18) and Planck PR4 data allowing us to fit for r consistently with the six parameters …

Despite the remarkable success of the Λ Cold Dark Matter (Λ CDM) cosmological model, a
growing discrepancy has emerged (currently measured at the level of∼ 4− 6 σ) between the …

The existence of nonzero neutrino masses points to the likely existence of multiple Standard
Model neutral fermions. When such states are heavy enough that they cannot be produced …