Replacing petroleum-based products with inexpensive, biorenewable, natural materials is
important for sustainable development and will have a significant impact on the polymer …

In pursuit of more sustainable and competitive biorefineries, the effective valorisation of
lignin is key. An alluring opportunity is the exploitation of lignin as a resource for chemicals …

Biomass is any organic matter that is renewable over time. In the context of energy, this is
often used to mean plant-based materials, such as agricultural residues, forestry wastes …

Fossil fuels have been a major contributor to greenhouse gases, the amounts of which could
be reduced if biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel were used for transportation. One of …

Research on lignin deconstruction has recently become the center of interest for scientists
and companies worldwide, racing towards harvesting fossil-fuel like aromatic compounds …

Lignin, nature's dominant aromatic polymer, is found in most terrestrial plants in the range of
15–40% dry weight and provides structural integrity. Kraft lignin (KL) is a major by-product of …

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant carbon source and it is a base of the whole
biorefinery concept. Levoglucosan (1, 6-anhydro-β-D-glucopyranose)(LG) is an anhydrous …

Transforming lignocellulosic biomass into fuels and chemicals has been intensely studied in
recent years. A large amount of work has been dedicated to finding suitable solvent systems …

Lignin and lignin derivatives biopolymers have several properties, such as high thermal
stability, antioxidant, biodegradability, antimicrobial actions, adhesive properties, etc., and …

In this Review, all known chemical methods for the conversion of renewable resources into
benzenoid aromatics are summarized. The raw materials that were taken into consideration …