Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood, during which
extensive brain development occurs. Since this period also overlaps with the initiation of …

Adolescence through young adulthood is a unique period of neuronal development and
maturation. Numerous agents can alter this process, resulting in long-term neurological and …

Exposure to social stress is an important risk factor for comorbid affective disorders and
problem alcohol use. To better understand mechanisms involved in social stress-induced …

Although emerging evidence reveals that vaping alters the function of the central nervous
system, the effects of maternal vaping on offspring brain development remain elusive. Using …

Late adolescence and young adulthood, corresponding to the high school and college
years, are vulnerable periods for increased alcohol and nicotine use. The dramatic increase …

Background Adolescent sensitivity to alcohol is influenced by genetic background. Data from
our laboratory suggested that adolescent C57BL/6J and DBA/2J inbred mice differed in …

Experiments to study the biology of addiction have historically focused on the mechanisms
through which drugs of abuse drive changes in the functioning of neurons and neural …

Microglia are specialized cells of the central nervous system (CNS), often mentioned as the
resident myeloid population or the resident immune cells of the CNS. Microglia, as well as …

Nicotine and alcohol abuse and co-dependence represent major public health crises.
Indeed, previous research has shown that the prevalence of alcoholism is higher in smokers …