Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) signalling is of paramount importance to immunity. Regulated
increases in cytosolic and organellar Ca2+ concentrations in lymphocytes control complex …

Ion channels play a central role in the regulation of nearly every cellular process. Dating
back to the classic 1952 Hodgkin–Huxley model of the generation of the action potential, ion …

The smooth muscle cell directly drives the contraction of the vascular wall and hence
regulates the size of the blood vessel lumen. We review here the current understanding of …

Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4 (TRPV4) is a calcium-permeable nonselective
cation channel, originally described in 2000 by research teams led by Schultz (Nat Cell Biol …

Changes in intracellular Ca2+ are central to the function of smooth muscle, which lines the
walls of all hollow organs. These changes take a variety of forms, from sustained, cell-wide …

Second messenger responses rely on where and when the enzymes that propagate these
signals become active. Spatial and temporal organization of certain signaling enzymes is …

Abstract Calcium (Ca 2+) plays a central role in excitation, contraction, transcription, and
proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMs). Precise regulation of intracellular Ca …

Hypercontractility of arterial myocytes and enhanced vascular tone during diabetes are, in
part, attributed to the effects of increased glucose (hyperglycemia) on L-type CaV1. 2 …

Smooth muscle cells are ultimately responsible for determining vascular luminal diameter
and blood flow. Dynamic changes in intracellular calcium are a critical mechanism …

Elevation of intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+] i) activates Ca2+/calmodulin-
dependent kinases (CaMK) and promotes gene transcription. This signaling pathway is …