The atmosphere of the Archean eon—one-third of Earth's history—is important for
understanding the evolution of our planet and Earth-like exoplanets. New geological proxies …

Earth has been habitable for 4.3 billion years, and the earliest rock record indicates the
presence of a microbial biosphere by at least 3.4 billion years ago—and disputably earlier …

Cyanobacteria played an important role in the evolution of Early Earth and the biosphere.
They are responsible for the oxygenation of the atmosphere and oceans since the Great …

Abstract The Archean era (4 to 2.5 billion years ago, Ga) yielded rocks that include the
oldest conclusive traces of life as well as many controversial occurrences. Carbonaceous …

It has been 10 years since publication of the first edition ofSoils of the Past. In that time the
subject of paleopedology hasgrown rapidly, and established itself within the mainstream …

The evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis is a pivotal event in Earth's history because the O2
released fundamentally changed the planet's redox state and facilitated the emergence of …

Humans rank with the powerful forces of nature transforming Earth. Since the mid-20th
century, population growth, industrialization, and globalization have had such deep and …

Oxygenic photosynthesis is arguably the most important biological innovation in Earth's
history, facilitating the transition to a habitable planet for complex life. Dating the emergence …

The recognition of past habitable environments on Mars has increased the urgency to
understand biosignature preservation in and characterize analogues of these environments …

Life on Earth has existed for over 3.5 billion years and has caused fundamental changes in
Earth's biogeochemistry. However, the timing and impact of major events in the evolution of …