The autonomic nervous system (ANS) with its two limbs, the sympathetic (SNS) and
parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS), plays a critical role in the modulation of cardiac …

Mitochondria provide energy to the cell during aerobic respiration by supplying~ 95% of the
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules via oxidative phosphorylation. These organelles …

The aim of this study is to clarify the concept of exercise using Walker and Avant concept
analysis method. The author offers a definition of exercise, including its distinction from …

Sinus node dysfunction may be either transient (reversible/physiological) due to the
involvement of the autonomic nervous system or pharmaceuticals, or chronic due to …

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) of an athlete is a rare but tragic event and sport activity might
play a trigger role in athletes with underlying structural or electrical heart diseases …

Winter swimming is a stressful condition of whole-body exposure to cold water; however,
winter swimmers have achieved variable degrees of adaptation to cold. The question arises …

The immune function is closely related to iron (Fe) homeostasis and allostasis. The aim of
this bioinformatics-assisted review was twofold;(i) to update the current knowledge of Fe …

Sleep is essential to and an integral part of life and when lacking or disrupted, a multitude of
mental and physical pathologies ensue, including cardiovascular (CV) disease, which …

Among various neuropsychiatric disorders, depression and anxiety are commonly
encountered in patients with heart failure (HF), reported in≥ 50% of patients attending a HF …

One of the most important strategies for successful aging is exercise. However, the effect of
exercise can differ among individuals, even with exercise of the same type and intensity …