Infertility is a global health problem involving about 15% of couples. Approximately half of
the infertility cases are related to male factors. The oxidative stress, which refers to an …

In aerobes, oxygen is essential for maintenance of life. However, incomplete reduction of
oxygen leads to generation of reactive oxygen species. These oxidants oxidise biological …

Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may result in oxidative stress and
endocrine system disturbance, which can have an impact on human reproduction and …

Due to their unique properties, perfluorinated substances (PFAS) are widely used in multiple
industrial and commercial applications, but they are toxic for animals, humans included. This …

Zinc (Zn), the second-most necessary trace element, is abundant in the human body. The
human body lacks the capacity to store Zn; hence, the dietary intake of Zn is essential for …

Oxidative stress is a significant factor in male infertility, compromising sperm function and
overall reproductive health. As male infertility garners increasing attention, effective …

Male infertility is approaching a concerning prevalence worldwide, and inflicts various
impacts on the affected couple. The hormonal assessment is a vital component of male …

The escalating prevalence of male infertility and decreasing trend in sperm quality have
been correlated with rapid industrialisation and the associated discharge of an excess of …

Leydig cells are essential for steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis. An imbalance in the
production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the cellular antioxidant level brings about …

Hypogonadism is an endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate serum testosterone
production by the Leydig cells of the testis. It is triggered by alterations in the hypothalamic …