International economic sanctions have become an increasingly important instrument of
foreign policy in the post–Second World War era, but their use has escalated dramatically …

We review a number of developments and trends in the literature on economic sanctions.
We discuss salient contributions to the theoretical literature, data collection, and empirical …

The European Union, the United Nations, and the United States frequently use economic
sanctions. This article introduces the EUSANCT Dataset—which amends, merges, and …

Can governments still use trade to reward and punish partner countries? While World Trade
Organization (WTO) rules and the pressures of globalization restrict states' capacity to …

One of the core disputes in the literature on economic statecraft addresses the conditions
under which multilateral sanctions are more successful than unilateral ones. Our game …

Contemporary economic coercion increasingly features the use of 'informal'sanctions—
government-directed disruption of international commerce that is not enshrined in official …

ABSTRACT Sanctions were the European Union's (EU) immediate response to Russia's
invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022. These restrictive measures focus on specific …

Do international economic sanctions backfire politically, resulting in increased rather than
decreased domestic support for targeted state leaders? Backfire arguments are common …

Sanctions are among the most widely used foreign policy tools of governments and
international organizations in response to national or international wrongdoings. Beyond the …

How are patterns of military spending shaped by political leaders who have substantive
policy preferences and need the support of their constituents to remain in power? A formal …