Sleep and body temperature are tightly interconnected in mammals: warming up our body
helps to fall asleep and the body temperature in turn drops while falling asleep. The preoptic …

Normal waking is associated with neuronal activity in several chemically defined ascending
arousal systems. These include monoaminergic neurons in the brainstem and posterior …

The mammalian basal forebrain (BF) has important roles in controlling sleep and
wakefulness, but the underlying neural circuit remains poorly understood. We examined the …

Numerous lesion, stimulation and recording studies in experimental animals demonstrate
the importance of neurons within the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic area (POA) in the …

At its most basic level, the function of mammalian sleep can be described as a restorative
process of the brain and body; recently, however, progressive research has revealed a host …

Our understanding of when the fetus can experience pain has been largely shaped by
neuroanatomy. However, completion of the cortical nociceptive connections just after mid …

The sleep–waking discharge patterns of neurons in the posterior lateral hypothalamus
(PLH) were investigated in the rat. Previous studies in the cat demonstrated that this region …

Pathways mediating the generation and/or maintenance of sleep reside within the
preoptic/anterior hypothalamus (POAH). Reproduction, water balance, thermoregulation …

Energy metabolism is strongly linked to the circadian rhythms in sleep and body
temperature. Both heat production and heat loss show a circadian modulation. Sleep …

A sleep-promoting function for the rostral hypothalamus was initially inferred from the
presence of chronic insomnia following damage to this brain region. Subsequently, it was …