There is growing need for a safe, efficient, specific and non-pathogenic means for delivery of
gene therapy materials. Nanomaterials for nucleic acid delivery offer an unprecedented …

In 2021, mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 were approved by the Food and Drug
Administration. mRNA vaccines are important for preventing severe COVID-19 and returning …

A new era of nanomedicines that involve nucleic acids/gene therapy has been opened after
two decades in 21st century and new types of more efficient drug delivery systems (DDS) …

Lipid-based nanobiomaterials as liposomes and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the most
widely used nanocarriers for drug delivery systems (DDSs). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and …

Targeted therapy against the programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blockade holds
considerable promise for the treatment of different tumor types; however, little effect has …

Because the lymph node (LN) is a critical organ for inducing immune responses against
pathogens and cancers, the transport of immune functional molecules such as antigens and …

Abstract mRNA is a versatile drug molecule with therapeutic applications ranging from
protein replacement therapies to in vivo gene engineering. mRNA delivery is often …

The precise size control of the lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based nanodrug delivery system
(DDS) carriers, such as 10 nm size tuning of LNPs, is one major challenge for the …

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are one of the more promising technologies for efficiently
delivering short interfering RNA (siRNA) in vivo. A pH-sensitive cationic lipid that facilitates …

The use of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) for nucleic acid delivery is now becoming a promising
strategy with a number of clinical trials as vaccines or as novel therapies against a variety of …