Cities are centres of innovation and wealth creation, but also hotspots of air pollution and
noise, heat island effects and lack of green space, which are all detrimental to human health …

Outdoor air pollution is a major contributor to the burden of disease worldwide. Most of the
global population resides in places where air pollution levels, because of emissions from …

Background Exposure to air pollution and physical inactivity are both significant risk factors
for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). These risk factors are also linked so that the …

Cities worldwide have declared aspirations to become “10, 15, or 20-minute cities.” This
goal is often part of a strategy to reduce emissions and achieve sustainable and healthy …

The world has experienced dramatic urbanization in recent decades. However, we still lack
information about the characteristics of urbanization in large cities throughout the world …

Disadvantaged groups worldwide, such as low-income and racially/ethnically minoritized
people, experience worse health outcomes than more privileged groups, including wealthier …

Introduction Half the world population lives in cities and this is likely to increase to 70% over
the next 20 years. Suboptimal urban and transport planning has led to eg high levels of air …

Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases
(NCDs) such as heart disease stroke diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to …

Kidney disease has been described as the most neglected chronic disease. Reliable
estimates of the global burden of kidney disease require more population-based studies, but …

Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has led to dramatic changes in
quality of life, bringing to the forefront of the debate the question of planning and design of …