Cytokine storm is a general term applied to maladaptive cytokine release in response to
infection and other stimuli. The pathogenesis is complex but includes loss of regulatory …

COVID-19 emerged from China in December 2019 and during 2020 spread to every
continent including Antarctica. The coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been identified as the …

The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused severe morbidity and …

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly emerging,
highly transmissible, and pathogenic coronavirus in humans that has caused global public …

Abstract Background Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78) is a chaperone heat shock
protein that has been intensely studied in the last two decades. GRP78 is the master of the …

Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a critical clinical condition induced by a cascade of
cytokine activation, characterized by overwhelming systemic inflammation …

Human coronaviruses (hCoVs) can be divided into low pathogenic and highly pathogenic
coronaviruses. The low pathogenic CoVs infect the upper respiratory tract and cause mild …

The coronavirus S-protein mediates receptor binding and fusion of the viral and host cell
membranes. In HCoV-229E, its receptor binding domain (RBD) shows extensive sequence …

Humanity has faced three recent outbreaks of novel betacoronaviruses, emphasizing the
need to develop approaches that broadly target coronaviruses. Here, we identify 55 …

In September 2012, a novel coronavirus was isolated from a patient who died in Saudi
Arabia after presenting with acute respiratory distress and acute kidney injury. Analysis …