Introduction: Spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSP) are used to model
clinically relevant aspects of human cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). To decipher and …

Early life challenges resulting from maternal immune activation (MIA) may exert persistent
effects on the offspring, including the development of psychiatric disorders, such as …

Wistar and Sprague Dawley are the most common strains of rat used in pharmaceutical
research and are used interchangeably in pre-clinical drug development. No studies have …

Abstract Leilem plant (Clerodendrum minahassae Teisjm & Binn.) from the genus
Clerodendrum has the potential as antidiabetic, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory …

Communication constitutes a fundamental component of mammalian social behavior. Rats
are highly social animals and emit 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), which function as …

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis global dengan total penderita yang melebihi
500 juta jiwa. Daun leilem adalah tanaman endemik Sulawesi Utara yang berasal dari …

Objective: To assess the rate of gastric emptying in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)
and to evaluate rapid gastric emptying as a possible predisposing factor for hypertension …

Despite a wide variety of models found in literature, choosing the right one can be difficult as
many of them are lacking precise methodology. This study aims to analyze and compare …

The intake of food and drinks with orally administered medicines can significantly impact the
therapeutic efficacy or adverse side effects of a drug, posing barriers to effective therapeutic …

Depression is a complicated illness, characterized by an extended period of sadness,
reduced motivation, loss of interest, and inability to focus. It is the leading cause of disability …