Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disorder. Currently, there is a lack of
effective treatment for the progressive form of MS, partly due to insensitive readout for …

Inflammatory demyelinating diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders, which occur
against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process. The pathologic …

Neurodegeneration is the correlate of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) and
thus biological biomarkers that sensitively reflect this process are much needed …

While the major phenotypes of multiple sclerosis (MS) and relapsing–remitting, primary and
secondary progressive MS have been well characterized, a subgroup of patients with an …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the brain and spinal cord that is
associated with chronic inflammation leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration. With …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with
heterogeneous clinical, genetic and pathophysiological characteristics. The establishment of …

Importance Reliable biomarkers associated with disability worsening in multiple sclerosis
(MS) are still needed. Objective To determine a possible association of intrathecal IgG …

Objective To determine the best method to measure intrathecal immunoglobulin (Ig) M
synthesis (ITMS), a biomarker of worse prognosis in multiple sclerosis (MS). We compared …

Intrathecal oligoclonal bands of the cerebrospinal fluid are considered the most important
immunological biomarkers of multiple sclerosis. They typically consist of clonally expanded …

Objectives To evaluate intrathecal immunoglobulin M (IgM) production, as compared to
previously established risk factors, as risk factor for conversion from clinically isolated …