Abstract Only 2–5% of seminal fluid is composed of spermatozoa, while the rest is seminal
plasma. The seminal plasma is a rich cocktail of organic and inorganic compounds including …

The association between changes in serum hormone concentrations, such as estrogens and
follicle-stimulating hormone, and fertility rates indicate that these hormones may be valuable …

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of prolactin (PRL) on human sperm
function, in light of a recent proteomic analysis indicating that these cells express the PRL …

Androgens are considered to have immunomodulatory effects but their cellular mechanisms
of action remain largely unknown. In the present study we prospectively analyzed the serial …

Aging in the male is associated with both a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes and
hypogonadism. However, little information is available about the complex of symptoms and …

Spermatogenic function was studied in 10 patients, previously diagnosed as having primary
hypothyroidism, in whom a state of hypothyroidism has been induced by discontinuation or a …

The authors determined semen quality and the concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, and
melatonin in blood and seminal plasma of 8 normal men. To investigate the reproducibility of …

Background Several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the effects of phthalates
on androgen synthesis, and the adverse outcomes of phthalate exposure on male …

A study was made of semen quality and serum hormonal profiles (FSH, LH, prolactin,
testosterone) of patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Semen parameters and levels of …

BACKGROUND: Regulation of reproduction is now considered to be carried out by the
kisspeptin and its receptor, GPR54 or Kiss1r. Mutations of either Kiss1 or Kiss1r in humans …