Cancer development is closely associated with immunosuppressive tumor
microenvironment (TME) that attenuates antitumor immune responses and promotes tumor …

Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are considered crucial in anti-tumour immunity.
Accordingly, the presence of TILs contains prognostic and predictive value. In 2011, we …

Hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors, determines the selection of invasive and aggressive
malignant clones displaying resistance to radiotherapy, conventional chemotherapy or …

While intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) occupies a key position in the bioenergetic
metabolism of all the cellular compartments that form the tumor microenvironment (TME) …

Neutrophils are increasingly recognized as key players in the tumor immune response and
are associated with poor clinical outcomes. Despite recent advances characterizing the …

Hypoxia is an environmental stressor that is instigated by low oxygen availability. It fuels the
progression of solid tumors by driving tumor plasticity, heterogeneity, stemness and genomic …

In cancer patients, immune cells are often functionally compromised due to the
immunosuppressive features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) which contribute to the …

Tumor cells express a high quantity of exosomes packaged with unique cargos under
hypoxia, an important characteristic feature in solid tumors. These hypoxic tumor-derived …

Purine, an abundant substrate in organisms, is a critical raw material for cell proliferation
and an important factor for immune regulation. The purine de novo pathway and salvage …

Glioblastoma (GBM) tumors are the most aggressive primary brain tumors in adults that,
despite maximum treatment, carry a dismal prognosis. GBM tumors exhibit tissue hypoxia …