This systematic review assesses the evidence for an association between Mycobacterium
avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and Crohn's disease. We analysed 28 case …

Nitric oxide is a gas and a free radical which is now recognised to have very important
physiological roles. It is synthesised enzymatically from the amino acid l-arginine in a …

Although Crohn's disease is considered to be autoimmune in origin, there is increasing
evidence that it may have an infectious cause. The most plausible candidate is …

The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The
pathogenesis of IBD involves inappropriate ongoing activation of the mucosal immune …

The bacterial community, in whole or in part, resident in the bowel of humans is considered
to fuel the chronic immune inflammatory conditions characteristic of Crohn's disease and …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing disorder involving a dysregulated
host–microbiota interaction. IBD patients have been shown to possess an increased risk for …

▪ Abstract Johne's disease is a chronic diarrhea affecting all ruminants. Mycobacterium
avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), a slowly growing mycobacteria, is the etiologic agent …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a spectrum of diseases from ulcerative colitis
(UC) to Crohn's disease (CD). Many studies have addressed the changes in the microbiota …

This review elaborates the development of germfree and gnotobiotic animal models and
their application in the scientific field to unravel mechanisms underlying host—microbe …

The past several years have witnessed an upsurge of genomic data pertaining to the
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Despite clear advances, problems with the detection …