SUMMARY Riboflavin [7, 8-dimethyl-10-(1′-d-ribityl) isoalloxazine, vitamin B2] is an
obligatory component of human and animal diets, as it serves as the precursor of flavin …

The discovery of vitamins as essential factors in the diet was a scientific breakthrough that
changed the world. Diseases such as scurvy, rickets, beriberi, and pellagra were recognized …

Advances in synthetic biology enable microbial hosts to synthesize valuable natural
products in an efficient, cost-competitive and safe manner. However, current engineering …

Abstract Background Gene Ontology (GO) is a standard vocabulary of functional terms and
allows for coherent annotation of gene products. These annotations provide a basis for new …

Highlights•Industrially produced B vitamins are widely used in feed, food, cosmetics and
pharma.•Most B vitamins are produced by chemical synthesis in a non-sustainable …

Riboflavin, or more commonly known as vitamin B2, forms part of the component of vitamin B
complex. Riboflavin consisting of two important cofactors, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and …

Riboflavin (vitamin B 2) production has shifted from chemical synthesis to exclusive
biotechnological synthesis in less than 15 years. The underlying extraordinary achievement …

Consumers are increasingly becoming aware of their health and nutritional requirements,
and in this context, vitamins produced in situ by microbes may suit their needs and …

Vitamins are a group of essential nutrients that are necessary to maintain normal metabolic
activities and optimal health. There are wide applications of different vitamins in food …

The evolution of coenzymes, or their impact on the origin of life, is fundamental for
understanding our own existence. Having established reasonable hypotheses about the …