▪ Abstract As a molten alloy or any multi-component liquid is cooled and solidified the
growing solid phase usually forms a porous matrix through which the residual liquid can …

The porous nature of sea ice not only provides a habitat for ice algae but also opens a
pathway for exchanges of organic matter, nutrients, and gases with the seawater below and …

This book presents a thorough grounding in the techniques of modeling, and proceeds to
explore a range of continuum models from an impressive array of disciplines, including …

The solidification of melts can be profoundly influenced by convection. In alloys,
compositional convection can be driven by solute gradients generated as one component of …

Because of thermoelectric effects, a local current density appears in the dendritic network
during the solidification of a metallic alloy. Thus, when a magnetic field is applied, a Lorentz …

Fractional crystallization and partial melting involve relative motion of liquid and solid
phases and chemical and thermal interactions between them. To elucidate some physical …

Motivated by important applications of crystallization phenomena, we consider a directional
solidification process for a binary melt with a two-phase (mushy) layer in the presence of …

A linear morphological stability analysis of a planar solid-liquid phase interface describing
the solidification processes of a binary melt with convection is carried out. The developed …

Seismic body-wave and normal-mode data 1, 2, 3, 4 suggest that the Earth's solid inner core
is elastically anisotropic, with the fast direction nearly parallel to the rotation axis …

Paleomagnetic records of iron meteorites of the IVA group suggest that their parent body (an
inward-solidified metal asteroid) possessed an internal magnetic field. The origin of this …