In April 2023, an outbreak of clade 2.3. 4.4 b highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1)
viruses carrying the T271A mammalian adaptive mutation in the PB2 protein was detected in …

Despite the panzootic nature of emergent highly pathogenic avian influenza H5Nx viruses in
wild migratory birds and domestic poultry, only a limited number of human infections with …

Since late 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of A/goose/Guangdong/1/
1996 (H5N1) lineage have caused widespread mortality in wild birds and poultry in the …

We report full-genome characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) clade
2.3. 4.4 b virus from an outbreak among sea lions (August 2023) in Argentina and possible …

The influenza A virus (IAV) has been a major cause of several pandemics, underscoring the
importance of elucidating its transmission dynamics. This review investigates potential …

To determine the potential for viral adaptation to T cell responses, we probed the full
influenza virus genome by next-generation sequencing directly ex vivo from infected mice, in …

Genetic analyses indicated that the pandemic H1N1/2009 influenza virus originated from a
swine influenza virus (SIV). However, SIVs bearing the same constellation of genetic …

H9N2 avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) cause economic losses in the poultry industry and
provide internal genomic segments for the evolution of H5N1 and H7N9 AIVs into more …

India has reported highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus outbreaks since
2006, with the first human case reported in 2021. These included viruses belonging to the …

Avian influenza (AI), caused by H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV), poses a serious
threat to poultry farming and public health due to its transmissibility and pathogenicity. The …