This report describes the physics case, the resulting detector requirements, and the evolving
detector concepts for the experimental program at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The EIC …

Quantum Chromodynamics, the theory of quarks and gluons, whose interactions can be
described by a local SU (3) gauge symmetry with charges called “color quantum numbers” …

Abstract This White Paper aims at highlighting the important benefits in the science reach of
the EIC. High luminosity operation is generally desirable, as it enables producing and …

Since the parton model was introduced by Feynman more than 50 years ago, much has
been learned about the partonic structure of the proton through a large body of high-energy …

The physics of the gravitational form factors of the proton, as well as their understanding
within quantum chromodynamics, has advanced significantly in the past two decades …

The strong force which binds hadrons is described by the theory of quantum
chromodynamics (QCD). Determining the character and manifestations of QCD is one of the …

This article reviews our present understanding of QCD spin physics: the proton spin puzzle
and new developments aimed at understanding the transverse structure of the nucleon …

The general question, crucial to an understanding of the internal structure of the nucleon, of
how to split the total angular momentum of a photon or gluon into spin and orbital …

More than three decades ago, the European Muon Collaboration published a surprising
result on the spin structure of the proton: the spins of its three quark components account for …

This handbook provides a comprehensive review of transverse-momentum-dependent
parton distribution functions and fragmentation functions, commonly referred to as …