Background: The Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), known as Ecochil-
Chosa in Japan, is a nationwide birth cohort study investigating the environmental factors …

In France, maternal smoking, active or passive, remains one of the highest in Europe. At the
same time, there is an increase in the number of low birth weight (< 2500 g) and premature …

There is worldwide concern about the effects of environmental factors on children's health
and development. The Miami Declaration was signed at the G8 Environment Ministers …

Background: In Japan, mean maternal age at first childbirth is increasing. The aim of this
study was to investigate whether maternal age at the first childbirth is a risk factor for preterm …

Background Low birth weight (LBW), which is considered a birth weight of< 2500 g, poses
significant health problems for children. However, population attributable fraction (PAF) of …

Hypertension during pregnancy causes a greater risk of adverse birth outcomes worldwide;
however, formal evidence of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP) in Japan is …

Few studies have assessed the accuracy of self-reported questionnaires to determine
smoking habits relative to urinary biomarkers. This study investigated urinary cotinine cut-off …

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are associated with poor maternal and neonatal
prognoses. Although several studies have indicated an effect of secondhand smoke (SHS) …

The aim of our study was to assess associations between smoking behavior before and
during pregnancy and selected adverse birth outcomes. This study is based on the …

Abstract Background Manganese (Mn) is both an essential element and a potential toxicant.
Although a few studies have suggested a nonlinear relationship between the maternal …