Chronic pain states are highly prevalent and yet poorly controlled by currently available
analgesics, representing an enormous clinical, societal, and economic burden. Existing pain …

Background The use of cannabis, or marijuana, for medicinal purposes is deeply rooted
though history, dating back to ancient times. It once held a prominent position in the history …

Cannabis sativa has been used for recreational, therapeutic and other uses for thousands of
years. The plant contains more than 120 C 21 terpenophenolic constituents named …

Upon receipt in the dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord, nociceptive (pain-signalling)
information from the viscera, skin and other organs is subject to extensive processing by a …

The recent identification of cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous lipid ligands has
triggered an exponential growth of studies exploring the endocannabinoid system and its …

The endocannabinoids are a family of lipid messengers that engage the cell surface
receptors that are targeted by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, the active principle in marijuana …

The importance of the modulation of pain by emotion is now widely recognised. In particular,
stress and anxiety, depending on their nature, duration and intensity, can exert potent, but …

Chronic pain is a global problem that has reached epidemic proportions. An estimated 20%
of adults suffer from pain, and another 10% are diagnosed with chronic pain each year …

The therapeutic potential of cannabinoids has been the topic of extensive investigation
following the discovery of cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands …

Mammalian tissues contain at least two types of cannabinoid receptor, CB1 and CB2, both
coupled to G proteins. CB1 receptors are expressed mainly by neurones of the central and …