Additive electrochemical micro-manufacturing (micro-AECM) is a nontraditional fabrication
method which fundamentally employs electrochemical deposition (ECD) mechanism in …

An interference modulator (Imod) incorporates anti reflection coatings and/or micro-
fabricated Supplemental lighting Sources. An efficient drive Scheme is provided for matrix …

2,534,846 A 12/1950 Ambrose et al. decoupled from its optical behavior. An improved
actuation 3,439,973 A 4, 1969 Paul et al. means is provided, some one of which may be …

(60) Division of application No. 09/413,222, filed on Oct. 5,() 1999, now abandoned, which is
a continuation-in-part of Primary Examiner Hung Xuan Dang application No. 08/744.253 …

4,099,854 4,196,396 4.228, 437 4,377,324 4.389, 096 4,392,711 4,403.248 4,441,791
4,445,050 4.459, 182 4,482,213 4,500,171 4,519,676 4,531,126 4,566,935 4,571,603 …

4,285,754 4,288,861 4,292,724 4,323,756 4,333,165 4,393,450 4,412,799 4,466,080
4,471,470 4,515,864 4,575,330 4,665,492 4,707,787 4,749,347 4,752,352 4,752,498 …

2,534,846 A 12, 1950 Ambrose et al............ 348,270 3,439,973 A 4, 1969 Paul et
al................... 359,352 3,443,854 A 5/1969 Weiss......................... 359,278 3,653,741 A 4, 1972 …

Electrochemical additive manufacturing (ECAM) based on electrochemical deposition (ECD)
has been increasingly used, owing to its inspiring capacities of fabricating void-free and …

(57) ABSTRACT A system for holding at least one of sample and reagent for analysis. The
system includes a pair of parallel covers, at least one of Which is light transmissive, of Which …

This invention provides a precursor film stack for use in the production of MEMS devices.
The precursor film stack comprises a carrier substrate, a first layer formed on the carrier …