Successful materials design for bone-tissue engineering requires an understanding of the
composition and structure of native bone tissue, as well as appropriate selection of …

A variety of targeted nanoparticles were developed for the diagnosis and therapy of
orthotopic and metastatic bone tumors during the past decade. This critical review will focus …

Bone diseases including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and bone tumors are becoming severe
threats to public health. Bone-targeted biomaterials-based strategies could improve …

Therapeutic approaches for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration commonly employ growth
factors (GFs) to influence neighboring cells and promote migration, proliferation, or …

Severe injuries and diseases of bone tissue caused by congenital disorder, extrinsic trauma,
infection, and osteosarcoma resection face significant challenges for complete recovery. The …

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is a serine/threonine protein kinase and
belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family. mTOR …

Bone-related diseases refer to a group of skeletal disorders that are characterized by bone
and cartilage destruction. Conventional approaches can regulate bone homeostasis to a …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder and serious cause of disability.
Despite considerable advances in RA management, challenges like extensive drug …

Fracture healing is a complex interplay of molecular and cellular mechanisms lasting from
days to weeks. The inflammatory phase is the first stage of fracture healing and is critical in …

Macrophages, the major component of the mononuclear phagocyte system, uptake and
clear systemically administered nanoparticles (NPs). Therefore, leveraging macrophages as …