Wood-pastures are archetypes of High Nature Value Farmlands in Europe and hold
exceptional ecological, social, and cultural values. Yet, wood-pastures have been through a …

Land use systems that integrate woody vegetation with livestock and/or crops and are
recognised for their biodiversity and cultural importance can be termed high nature and …

Declining biodiversity (BD) is affecting food security, agricultural sustainability, and
environmental quality. Agroforestry (AF) is recognized as a possible partial solution for BD …

An accurate and objective estimate on the extent of agroforestry in Europe is critical for the
development of supporting policies. For this reason, a more harmonised and uniform Pan …

Cultivation and cropping are major causes of destruction and degradation of natural
ecosystems throughout the world. We face the challenge of maintaining provisioning …

In the second half of the 20th Century there was a growing awareness of environmental
problems, including the loss of species and habitats, resulting in many national and …

Agroforestry offers proven strategies as an environmentally benign and ecologically
sustainable land management practice to promote ecosystem services. In this literature …

Background Livestock grazing and 'overabundance'of large wild herbivores in forested
areas have long been perceived as conflicting with the aims of both silviculture and forest …

In landscape planning, land-use types need to be compared including the ecosystem
services they provide. With multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), ecological economics …

Wood-pastures are among the oldest land-use types in Europe and have high ecological
and cultural importance. They are under rapid decline all over Europe because of changes …