Abstract The Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) is out of equilibrium with the current anthropogenic‐
enhanced climate forcing. Paleoenvironmental records and ice sheet models reveal that the …

Atmospheric warming is projected to increase global mean surface temperatures by 0.3 to
4.8 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial values by the end of this century. If anthropogenic …

This chapter considers changes in global mean sea level, regional sea level, sea level
extremes, and waves. Confidence in projections of global mean sea level rise has increased …

Ice flow models used to project the mass balance of ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica
usually rely on the Shallow Ice Approximation (SIA) and the Shallow‐Shelf Approximation …

We review the two main approaches to estimating sea level rise over the coming century:
physically plausible models of reduced complexity that exploit statistical relationships …

Dynamics of Ice Sheets and Glaciers presents an introduction to the dynamics and
thermodynamics of flowing ice masses on Earth. Based on an outline of general continuum …

The stability of marine ice sheets grounded on beds that slope upwards in the overall
direction of flow is investigated numerically in two horizontal dimensions. We give examples …

The Fourth IPCC Assessment Report concluded that ice sheet flow models, in their current
state, were unable to provide accurate forecast for the increase of polar ice sheet discharge …

Continental scale marine ice sheets such as the present day West Antarctic Ice Sheet are
strongly affected by highly localized features, presenting a challenge to numerical models …

Basal drag is a fundamental control on ice stream dynamics that remains poorly understood
or constrained by observations. Here, we apply control methods on ice surface velocities of …