Abstract Organs-on-chips (OoCs), also known as microphysiological systems or 'tissue
chips'(the terms are synonymous), have attracted substantial interest in recent years owing …

The cancer microenvironment is known for its complexity, both in its content as well as its
dynamic nature, which is difficult to study using two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models …

One of the problems that has slowed the development and approval of new anticancer
therapies is the lack of preclinical models that can be used to identify key molecular, cellular …

The survival of vertebrate organisms depends on highly regulated delivery of oxygen and
nutrients through vascular networks that pervade nearly all tissues in the body …

Predicting the effects of drugs before human clinical trials is at the heart of drug screening
and discovery processes. The cost of drug discovery is steadily increasing owing to the …

Many drugs show promising results in laboratory research but eventually fail clinical trials.
We hypothesize that one main reason for this translational gap is that current cancer models …

Engineering hierarchical vasculatures is critical for creating implantable functional thick
tissues. Current approaches focus on fabricating mesoscale vessels for implantation or …

Tumor vasculature creates a hostile tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo and nourishes
cancers, resulting in cancer progression and drug resistance. To mimic the biochemical and …

Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are in vitro models that capture facets of in vivo organ
function through use of specialized culture microenvironments, including 3D matrices and …

To curb the high cost of drug development, there is an urgent need to develop more
predictive tissue models using human cells to determine drug efficacy and safety in advance …