Decades of efforts in engineering in vitro cancer models have advanced drug discovery and
the insight into cancer biology. However, the establishment of preclinical models that enable …

Heterogeneity describes the differences among cancer cells within and between tumors. It
refers to cancer cells describing variations in morphology, transcriptional profiles …

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and responsible for multiple deaths
worldwide. 3D cancer models enable a better representation of tumor physiology than the …

The organ-specific metastatization of breast cancer to bone is driven by specific interactions
between the host microenvironment and cancer cells (CCs). However, it is still unclear the …

Background Understanding the molecular mechanisms of metastatic dissemination, the
leading cause of death in cancer patients, is required to develop novel, effective therapies …

Despite considerable advances in the evolution of anticancer therapies, metastasis still
remains the main cause of cancer mortality. Therefore, current strategies for cancer cure …

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women worldwide, and while
hormone receptor positive subtypes have a clear and effective treatment strategy, other …

Emerging microfluidic disease models have amply demonstrated their value in many fields
of cancer research. These in vitro technologies recapitulate key aspects of metastatic …

Three-dimensional cancer-on-a-chip tissue models aim to replicate the key hallmarks of the
tumour microenvironment and allow for the study of dynamic interactions that occur during …

The vasculature plays a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis, representing a
pivotal aspect in the creation of cancer models. In recent years, the emergence of organ-on …