Clinical and translational research has played a major role in advancing our understanding
of pulmonary hypertension (PH), including pulmonary arterial hypertension and other forms …

The objective of lung development is to generate an organ of gas exchange that provides
both a thin gas diffusion barrier and a large gas diffusion surface area, which concomitantly …

BMP2 and TGFβ1 are functional antagonists of pathological remodeling in the arteries,
heart, and lung; however, the mechanisms in VSMCs, and their disturbance in pulmonary …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) developing secondarily in pulmonary fibrosis (PF) patients
(PF-PH) is a frequent co-morbidity. The high prevalence of PH in PF patients is very …

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterized by changes in the extracellular
matrix (ECM) deposition and vascular remodeling of distal pulmonary arteries. These …

The 1918 influenza killed approximately 50 million people in a few short years, and now, the
world is facing another pandemic. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus named severe …

Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disease characterized by
progressive lung scarring. IPF-related pulmonary vascular remodeling and pulmonary …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a chronic disease characterized by a progressive
elevation in mean pulmonary arterial pressure. This occurs due to abnormal remodeling of …

Rationale: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common, severe comorbidity in interstitial lung
diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and it has limited treatment options. Excessive …

Since its association with familial pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in 2000, Bone
Morphogenetic Protein Receptor II (BMPR2) and its related signaling pathway have become …