▪ Abstract Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes are unrivaled in the diversity of
reactions that they catalyze. New structural data have paved the way for targeted …

The biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan is a complex process that involves
enzyme reactions that take place in the cytoplasm (synthesis of the nucleotide precursors) …

In protein and RNA macromolecules, only a limited number of different side‐chain chemical
groups are available to function as catalysts. The myriad of enzyme‐catalyzed reactions …

Books dealing with the mechanisms of enzymatic reactions were written a generation ago.
They included volumes entitled Bioorganic Mechanisms, I and II by TC Bruice and SJ …

Pyridoxal phosphate enzymes catalyze a wide variety of reaction types on amines and
amino acids, generally by stabilizing carbanionic intermediates. This makes them very …

Pyridoxal 5′-phosphate enzymes are ubiquitous in the nitrogen metabolism of all
organisms. They catalyze a wide variety of reactions including racemization, transamination …

Mammalian brain contains high levels of d-serine, an endogenous co-agonist of N-methyl d-
aspartate type of glutamate receptors. d-Serine is synthesized by serine racemase, a brain …

Epimerases and racemases are enzymes that catalyze the inversion of stereochemistry in
biological molecules. In this article, three distinct examples are used to illustrate the wide …

d-Serine is a brain-enriched d-amino acid that works as a transmitter-like molecule by
physiologically activating NMDA receptors. Synthesis of d-serine is carried out by serine …

l-Amino acids are predominant in living organisms, but d-amino acids such as d-alanine and
d-glutamate also occur in all eubacterial cell walls. Moreover, even mammals contain …