The study delves into the relationship between ionospheric total electron content (TEC)
anomalies and seismic activity, with a focus on Morocco's 6.8 Mw earthquake on 8 …

Possible ionospheric TEC precursor and crustal stress (b-value) precursor related to the Mw
7.7 Colima earthquake of September 19, 2022, were analyzed in the present study. b-value …

In order to study in the field of the dynamics and continuous variations in the ionosphere, the
ionospheric measurement tools such as ionosondes, incoherent scatter radars, satellites …

This research investigates the capability of artificial neural networks to predict vertical total
electron content (VTEC) over central Anatolia in Turkey. The VTEC dataset was derived from …

The occurrence of earthquakes, which can strike suddenly without any warning, has always
posed a potential threat to humanity. However, researchers worldwide have been diligently …

In the upper atmosphere (ionosphere), plasma with two electron populations is very
common. The cold electrons (T e∼ 1 eV) usually originate in the ionosphere, while the hot …

The free electrons in the ionosphere have a strong impact on the propagation of radio
waves. When the signals pass through the ionosphere, both their group and phase velocity …

In the space atmosphere, plasma with two electron components is very common. The cold
species of electron (\(T_ {e}\sim 1\) eV) usually originate in the ionosphere, while the hot …

Geographic Information System (GIS) combines software, hardware and data for the
catching, handling, analyzing and displaying the different types of geographic information …

Total Electron Content (TEC) is one of the most important factors in monitoring the variable
structure of ionosphere. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a useful and affordable …