Our scanning tunneling microscopy and electron diffraction experiments revealed that a new
two-dimensional allotrope of Bi forms on the S i (111)-7× 7 surface. This pseudocubic {012} …

This review addresses the quantum mechanical nature of the formation and stability of
ultrathin metal films. The competition between quantum confinement, charge spilling effects …

Three different Pb films—free standing, on a semiconducting Ge (111) substrate, and on a
metallic Cu (111) substrate—are studied with first-principles calculations. Our studies show …

We have used surface x-ray diffraction from a synchrotron source, along with models based
upon a free-electron gas confined to a quantum well, to study quantum size effects in the …

We have studied the nanoscale structural evolution of Pb films grown at 110 K on a Si (111)
substrate as they are annealed to increasingly higher temperatures. Surface x-ray diffraction …

Quantum growth of ultrathin Pb films on Ge (111) and Si (111) substrates is studied using
scanning tunneling microscopy, total-energy calculations within density functional theory …

Understanding the underlying physical principles that determine the internal structure of
objects at the atomic scale is critical for the advancement of nanoscale science. We have …

The stability of metallic thin films is studied with a free electron model, which is popularly
known as the model of “particle in a box.” A detailed theoretical framework is presented …

We find that the molecular beam epitaxy of Fe 3 Si on GaAs (001) observed by real-time x-
ray diffraction begins by the abrupt formation of 3 monolayer (ML) high islands and …

Atomically flat metal ultrathin films grown on semiconductor substrates form a quasi-two-
dimensional (2D) electronic system, which offers a great opportunity to explore novel …