The brackish Baltic Sea hosts species of various origins and environmental tolerances.
These immigrated to the sea 10,000 to 15,000 years ago or have been introduced to the …

Small pelagic fish (SPF) play extremely important ecological roles in marine ecosystems,
form some of the most economically valuable fisheries resources, and play a vital role in …

Early in the 20th century, Johan Hjort developed compelling arguments and hypotheses to
explain recruitment variability that became dominant for more than 75 years. A cautious …

The index of the North Atlantic Oscillation, the dominant mode of climatic variability in the
North Atlantic region, changed in the late 1980s (1987–1989) from a negative to a positive …

Modern fisheries research and management must understand and take account of the
interactions between climate and fishing, rather than try to disentangle their effects and …

Many marine ecosystems exhibit a characteristic “wasp-waist” structure, where a single
species, or at most several species, of small planktivorous fishes entirely dominate their …

Abstract The Baltic Sea is a large brackish semienclosed sea whose species‐poor fish
community supports important commercial and recreational fisheries. Both the fish species …

Due to atmospheric accumulation of anthropogenic CO 2 the partial pressure of carbon
dioxide (pCO 2) in surface seawater increases and the pH decreases. This process known …

Abrupt and rapid shifts in food web and community structure, commonly termed regime
shifts, have been increasingly reported for exploited marine ecosystems around the world …

Abundances of fish populations can vary over time by orders of magnitude, and five‐to‐10‐
fold variability is usual. The variability is recorded on time scales ranging from millennial to …