Miniaturization has been the driving force of scientific and technological advances over
recent decades. Recently, flexibility has gained significant interest, particularly in …

This article reviews acoustic microfluidics: the use of acoustic fields, principally ultrasonics,
for application in microfluidics. Although acoustics is a classical field, its promising, and …

Conjugated polymers (CPs), as exemplified by polypyrrole, are intrinsically conducting
polymers with potential for development as soft actuators or “artificial muscles” for numerous …

Rapid advances in synthetic polymer science and nanotechnology have revealed new
avenues of development in conductive electroactive polymers that take greater advantage of …

Evolution has resolved many of nature's challenges leading to lasting solutions. Nature has
always inspired human achievements and has led to effective materials, structures, tools …

Films of conducting polymers in the presence of electrolytes can be oxidized or reduced by
the flow of anodic or cathodic currents. Ions and solvent are exchanged during a reaction for …

Reflecting rapid growth in research and development on organic/polymeric electronic and
photonic materials and devices, Introduction to Organic Electronic and Optoelectronic …

The concept of 'wireless sensor networks' or WSNs is relatively new, probably less than 10
years old, and a logical extension of the greater 'networked world'through which a large …

Large stroke torsional actuators are the newest class of artificial muscle technology that
produces rotary motion or generate torque in response to various stimuli. A number of …

Explores State-of-the-Art Work from the World's Foremost Scientists, Engineers, Educators,
and Practitioners in the FieldWhy use smart materials? Since most smart materials do not …