Background Cancer, a complex and deadly health concern today, is characterized by
forming potentially malignant tumors or cancer cells. The dynamic interaction between these …

In our present paper, we have employed the Atangana–Baleanu derivative in the multi-
layered Navier–Stokes condition to analyse the nature of the flow. Actually, the stream, the …

The predation process plays a significant role in advancing life evolution and the
maintenance of ecological balance and biodiversity. Hunting cooperation in predators is one …

* Correspondence: Email: ajkashyap. maths@ gmail. com. Abstract: Anthrax is a bacterial
infection caused by Bacillus anthracis, primarily affecting animals and occasionally affecting …

Apart from direct killing, the non-consumptive risk of the predation process influences the
community dynamics of ecological systems. Recent studies reveal that the fear induced in …

Today, the socio-cultural lack of some countries with increased urbanization has led to the
unconscious breeding of stray dogs. The failure to care for the offspring of possessive dogs …

To better understand disease dynamics within plant ecosystems and develop effective
management measures, Chapter 3 discusses the foundational elements and contributions of …

In this paper, a deterministic SIR plant mathematical model is proposed and analysed with
the application of pesticides as a control measure. The primary purpose of this model is to …