In recent decades, the warming in the Arctic has been much faster than in the rest of the
world, a phenomenon known as Arctic amplification. Numerous studies report that the Arctic …

In the rapidly evolving mountain cryosphere, snow avalanches threaten livelihoods,
settlements and infrastructure. In this Review, we analyse past and projected impacts of …

Arctic climate change has already resulted in amplified and accelerated regional warming,
or the Arctic amplification. Satellite observations have captured this climate phenomenon in …

Global projections of macroeconomic climate-change damages typically consider impacts
from average annual and national temperatures over long time horizons,,,,–. Here we use …

Observed range shifts of numerous species support predictions of climate change models
that species will shift their distribution northward into the Arctic and sub-Arctic seas due to …

Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) has been shown in climate models to reduce some
impacts of global warming in the Arctic, including the loss of sea ice, permafrost thaw, and …

Single-forcing large ensembles are a relatively new tool for quantifying the contributions of
different anthropogenic and natural forcings to the historical and future projected evolution of …

The Arctic's rapid sea ice decline may influence global weather patterns, making the
understanding of Arctic weather variability (WV) vital for accurate weather forecasting and …

Stream networks in Arctic and high-elevation regions underlain by frozen ground (ie,
permafrost) are expanding and developing in response to accelerating global warming, and …

The Arctic region has warmed faster than the global mean in past decades. Future climate
change projections also suggest this Arctic warming amplification will continue. Here, using …